Hamilton Hume (19 June 1797-19 April 1873) was an Australian explorer.
Born in Parramatta, a settlement close to (and now a suburb of) Sydney, Hume began exploring as a teenager, and made several journeys before his 1824-25 expedition with William Hovell, which discovered the overland route between Sydney and Port Phillip Bay, on whose shores Melbourne now stands .
In 1828, Hume journeyed with Charles Sturt into western New South Wales.

There they discovered the Darling River, the Murray River's longest tributary.
Hume later served as a magistrate in Yass until his death.
The Hume and Hovell expedition is commemorated by the Hume Highway, the principal road between Sydney and Melbourne.
Hume and Hovell were also commemorated by being featured on the Australian one-pound banknote between 1953 and 1966.